Waiting gods such as Brahma and Indra were unable to trace the path Krishna took to leave his human incarnation and return to his abode. I have always been interested in religion, but before I met the Krishna conscious devotees, somehow I did not have the proper perspective needed to inquire fruitfully about spiritual life. We have to be prepared to spend the time and read Srila Prabhupada’s books. As explained to me later, a transcendental seed had been planted that could eventually ripen into love of Godhead. The Appearance of Lord Nrsimhadeva Play — New Govardhana, Australia May 1991. While Sheridan and Pintchman both affirm Bryant's view, the latter adds that the Vedantic view emphasized in the Bhagavata is non-dualist with a difference. At first, however, it was very difficult for me to understand the philosophy of Krishna consciousness. I wish to know more about spiritual consciousness. [185][197][198], The bhakti movements devoted to Krishna became prominent in southern India in the 7th to 9th centuries CE. He is shown as a charioteer, notably when he is addressing the Pandava prince Arjuna character, symbolically reflecting the events that led to the Bhagavad Gita – a scripture of Hinduism. Matsya. Their theologies are generally centered either on Vishnu or an avatar such as Krishna as supreme. [60], The Chandogya Upanishad, estimated to have been composed sometime between the 8th and 6th centuries BCE, has been another source of speculation regarding Krishna in ancient India. Additionally, the inscription includes a Krishna-related verse from chapter 11.7 of the Mahabharata stating that the path to immortality and heaven is to correctly live a life of three virtues: self-temperance (damah), generosity (cagah or tyaga), and vigilance (apramadah). Krishna forgives Jara and dies. [248][249], Like the Jaina versions of the Krishna legends, the Buddhist versions such as one in Ghata Jataka follow the general outline of the story,[250] but are different from the Hindu versions as well. Other scholars disagree that the Krishna mentioned along with Devaki in the ancient Upanishad is unrelated to the later Hindu god of the Bhagavad Gita fame. This inclusion of Krishna-related legends in ancient Buddhist and Jaina literature suggests that Krishna theology was existent and important in the religious landscape observed by non-Hindu traditions of ancient India. [74][75], The ancient Sanskrit grammarian Patanjali in his Mahabhashya makes several references to Krishna and his associates found in later Indian texts. For other uses, see, "Krsna" redirects here. [68], In Ashṭādhyāyī, authored by the ancient grammarian Pāṇini (probably belonged to the 5th or 6th century BCE), Vāsudeva and Arjuna, as recipients of worship, are referred to together in the same sutra. Join our family of supporters. [208], By 1965 the Krishna-bhakti movement had spread outside India after Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada (as instructed by his guru, Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura) traveled from his homeland in West Bengal to New York City. [153], A wide range of theological and philosophical ideas are presented through Krishna in Hindu texts. Krishna plays his flute and the gopis come immediately, from whatever they were doing, to the banks of the Yamuna River and join him in singing and dancing. Please?? Krishna answer to this dilemma is that Arjuna should kill his kinsmen because he is not killing their souls, only their bodies. in chemistry, I joined the Peace Corps in 1971 and went to India as a science teacher. The Harivamsa, a later appendix to the Mahabharata contains a detailed version of Krishna's childhood and youth. I want to learn lots of guitar solos bt have difficulty to read frets plz help! In India I inquired about the Hare Krishna movement. [28] The name is also interpreted sometimes as "all-attractive". IV. [57][58], The first known depiction of the life of Krishna himself comes relatively late with a relief found in Mathura, and dated to the 1st-2nd century CE. In this way, Krishna shares an exalted station with Abraham, Moses, Zoroaster, Buddha, Muhammad, Jesus, the Báb, and the founder of the Bahá'í Faith, Bahá'u'lláh.[258][259]. Rupa Goswami of Gaudiya Vaishnavism has compiled a comprehensive summary of bhakti called Bhakti-rasamrita-sindhu. It is a form of bhakti yoga, one of three types of yoga discussed by Krishna in the Bhagavad Gita. [225], The Krishna stories have played a key role in the history of Indian theatre, music, and dance, particularly through the tradition of Rasaleela.