The inscription mentions the Londoners, the earliest known reference naming the people of London.[87]. Carausius responded by consolidating his allies and territory and revolting. Expansion of the flourishing port continued into the 3rd century. The Roman settlement on the north side of the bridge, called Londinium, quickly became important as a trading centre for goods brought up the Thames River by boat and unloaded at wooden docks by the bridge. From 340 onwards, northern Britain was repeatedly attacked by Picts and Gaels. [29], By this time, Britain's provincial administration had also almost certainly been moved to Londinium from Camulodunum (Colchester in Essex). Officials went unpaid and Romano-British troops elected their own leaders. The structures were modest enough that they were previously identified as parts of the forum and market but are now recognized as elaborate and luxurious baths including a frigidarium with two southern pools and an eastern swimming pool. The city was quickly rebuilt, with a cluster of timber-framed wooden buildings surrounding the imposing Roman civic buildings. The cause is uncertain but plague is considered likely, as the Antonine Plague is recorded decimating other areas of Western Europe between 165 and 190. Raiding by the Irish, Picts, and Saxons continued but Gildas records a time of luxury and plenty[107] which is sometimes attributed to reduced taxation. Some visitors to London might be surprised to hear that there is a Roman Wall and Roman ruins in London, but they do exist. [63] G. Suetonius Paulinus had been leading the 14th and 20th Legions in the invasion of Anglesey now known as the Menai massacre; hearing of the rising, he immediately returned along Watling Street with the legions' cavalry. [92] Others link it with Clodius Albinus, the British governor who attempted to usurp Septimius Severus in the 190s. Tower of London, St. Paul's Cathedral, Windsor Janet Montgomery, Rebecca Redfern, Rebecca Gowland, Jane Evans, For a map of the locations of bombed sites in the City of London excavated by the, large numbers of barbarians overran Gaul and Hispania, "Two studies on Roman London. [40][41] The remains of a massive pier base for such a bridge were found in 1981 close by the modern London Bridge. Scraps of armour, leather straps, and military stamps on building timbers suggest that the site was constructed by the city's legionaries. Its bridge over the River Thames turned the city into a road nexus and major port, serving as a major commercial centre in Roman Britain until its abandonment during the 5th century. Pottery workshops outside the city in Brockley Hill and Highgate appear to have ended production around 160, and the population may have fallen by as much as two thirds. The present structure of St Peter upon Cornhill was designed by Christopher Wren following the Great Fire in 1666 but it stands upon the highest point in the area of old Londinium and medieval legends tied it to the city's earliest Christian community. In the 1860s, excavations by General Rivers uncovered a large number of human skulls and almost no other bones in the bed of the Walbrook. He had possibly been installed by the Romans after the Iceni's failed revolt against P. Ostorius Scapula's disarmament of the allied tribes in AD 47[58] or may have assisted the Romans against his tribesmen during that revolt.